Major Paper Update

WhOooOoo! We have already submitted our major paper. I hope the grade increases though and I hope that our hard work really pays off. Good Evening

First and foremost, if I were invited by the Dean of the Institute of Computing to attend a seminar – workshop on information systems planning together with some of the faculty of the Institute of Computing I would consider it as a big privilege and I would do my best to give my evaluation regarding the current information system of the school which was once outsourced and now shifted to in-house.

(Before I start I would like to define the terms involved in this post so that the ones who do not know may also know)

IN-SOURCE OR IN-SOURCING

From what I’ve posted in my personal blog in-house or in-sourcing refers to the business practice of using a company’s or organization’s own personnel, staff, funds and resources to produce a commodity or service for the company or the organization. This is in contrast to the production being outsourced or contracted out to another company. Organizations involved in production usually opt for in-sourcing in order to cut down the cost of labor and taxes because they would not to hire workers or outside service providers. This trend has increased since the year two thousand six (2006). Some organizations that shift or employ in-source are usually those who have been to outsource and was not satisfied with it. Some also think that through in-source they can have better people support and better control over the work outsourced by in-sourcing their work rather than outsourcing it.

OUTSOURCE OR OUTSOURCING

Outsourcing on the other hand is the agreement between two companies in which one company would provide its services to the other company that has usually provided in-house. Outsourcing has become a trend that is common in Information Technology and other industries wherein in some cases the entire information management of a company is outsourced. Organizations that choose outsourcing think that they could acquire a lot of advantages from it. Some organizations choose outsourcing because they get high reliability, less costs and high-quality services.

(Going on to my stand, by the way I choose In-sourcing for the university.)

Looking at the present situation of the information system of the school which has been shifted from outsource to in-source it would imply that the school was not contented of the outsourced system or the outsourced information system did not meet the needs of the school or maybe the outsourced information system was too expensive to maintain. Anyway, after reflecting about the current issue and after the sessions and sharing we had during our previous meetings in Management Information System 1 subject, I will take the position of in-sourcing. I have posted something about in-sourcing and outsourcing in my personal blog and I remember writing there that the decision of school to shift to in-sourced information system was not a good decision because they decided to shift abruptly. However, this time I would take my stand in in-sourcing the information system of the University of Southeastern Philippines. Why? Because this time we have time to evaluate the current information system of the university and since the current trend of the school is in-source. My decision to choose the side of in-sourcing is not solely because the current trend of the university but because this is a time to rethink. What if this is the first time that the school would acquire an information system, would it be in-sourced or outsourced?

I choose the side of in-sourcing considering the current situation of the school plus it gives a lot advantages like confidentiality of data, less cost, etc. However, I would like to imply that information systems planning takes time and I mean a long time to conjure something complex like an information system considering that there are steps or procedures that needs to be taken into account to be able to come up with an effective information system.
Why in-source? Let us first take into account the current situation of the university (University of Southeastern Philippines). The university lacks the budget to maintain funding an outsourced information system which was the trend of the university before. The university also has in-house staff, capable in-house staff that can be tapped to plan and create the information system of the school. Plus they already know the school’s system which makes them more adept. In-source or outsource has advantages and disadvantages and it matters on the situation of the organization or the company.

ADVANTAGES OF INSOURCING

I have identified advantages of in-sourcing, some of it came from me and some were searched through the internet.

Lessen Cost

I think that one of the big reasons why the university shifted to in-source is to be able to lessen the cost. Lessen the cost of hiring new personnel to administer the new information system. If the information system is in-sourced the people that would administer the information system are those who made the system. Plus the university would need to hire people who will train the personnel who will be in touch with the information system or the ones who will be using the information system because the staff that will create the system is already acquainted with it and he/she can also be utilized to train the other personnel without involving a big deal of money. Compared to outsourcing an information system you will need to hire a resource person who will train your personnel if ever the information system that you will be outsourcing is new to them, meaning they are not yet acquainted with the system. If it was in the case of a company or organization that is involved in producing certain products, in-sourcing will be a great advantage because these kind of business needs a big workforce and if they have the workforce they wouldn’t need to hire laborers from other companies and the like.

Better People Support and Control

In-house staff could train the personnel to be acquainted with the information system so there would be no need to hire a resource person who will be training the personnel in the university. On the time that the system will be implemented and deployed there will be times that the personnel using the information system will encounter problems that have not been encountered before. In this case in-house staff can quickly look into the information system to find out what is wrong and can also possibly fix it pronto. By this there will less time that the information system will be in idle state if ever it encounters problems compared to relying on the support from outsource companies which may not have a twenty-four hour available support for their information system if it encounters problems. Again this could also lessen cost of hiring someone who will check and maintain the functionality of the system and lessen the cost of maintenance. Control is one of the advantages of in-sourcing an information system because the ones who created the system will know how fix any problem that will be encountered in the information system. It is very important because without the ability to control, a lot of things will be affected including the performance and work of the personnel in the university. In the case of a business oriented organization or company the inability to control their own information system will greatly affect their business considering that their business relies on their system. If it so happened that they will encounter problems in their information system they would not know how to remedy it leaving the company idle and thus affecting their income too.

Confidentiality of Data

Because in-house staffs will be tapped to make the information system of the university there is a great reliability that the information or the data that will be used or involved in the system are kept within the school and maintained confidential. There may be a risk on the confidentiality of the data when you choose to outsource a certain information system because you may need to hand the data to them so they can transfer the data into the system that you or an organization purchased from the outsourcing company. In the case of a business oriented company or organization the confidentiality of data is a very important factor. Their data is considered as a vital element in their information system and if it falls in the wrong hands it could be the downfall of their company.

Promotes Direct Management

Most organizations would prefer direct management because they want to have hands-on control over their development in all aspects on their business. It is important because you compared to any other person or company is the one who really understands the business and flows within you company. It is much better compared to relinquishing or I may say hand over the control to an outsourcing company or firm who does not fully understand your business. In-sourcing allows you or the company to direct themselves and let their knowledge and direction guide the company to a more effective impact development process.

Timeliness

If you’re working on a tight schedule and you want you work to be done, you could just call your staff and have meeting regarding an urgent matter, a project perhaps. Then you could discuss timelines and because they are your employees they will surely abide the timeline. Plus you have an overview or update on the task that is being done and you will know what is happening, what is lacking and what is needed to be done. There are many scenarios where timeliness is involved.

There are many advantages and disadvantages in in-sourcing and even in outsourcing. My stand is based on the current situation of the university. This issue of in-sourcing and outsourcing has become a hot topic is forums and blogs. There had been many debates about this issue though it has been said that the choice between in-source and outsource depends on the current situation of a company or organization. I have a post similar to this one in my personal blog. The link to my personal blog can be found below. This post is open for criticism and I’m looking forward to add more information in this post.



Mus' Box: http://mus08.blogspot.com/2009/08/in-house-or-outsource-which-is-better.html

Assignment 6: Improvement of the Internet Connectivity in University of Southeastern Philippines

Supposing that I am an IT (Information Technology) consultant or let’s say that I am already an IT consultant and I am hired by the university president to give my insights, idea, or suggestions to improve the internet connectivity of the school first, I would remind them of the importance of the internet, not only to the students but to the teachers and staffs as well. The internet has become a very strong medium of information and undoubtedly it has helped people, especially students, in increasing their knowledge. You can find all kinds of stuffs in the internet searching the world wide web, some say that the internet is pure truth compared to what people read in the newspapers and televisions because the news is manipulated by corporate guys to keep people living in fear (I actually got this from a couple of movies, a part of me tells me this is true and another part tells me it is not). Anyway, I just wanted to point out how important the internet is.

Before giving my suggestions on how to improve the internet connectivity of the school the first thing I would like to point out is that the internet would be made available and accessible in the whole school campus. What I mean is that the whole school campus would be provided internet connection through wifi. I do know that at the event when I give this suggestion the first thing that would pop out is the money issue or the budget. Setting a wifi connection in the whole campus would mean money, but considering the fact that there are many wifi connections strewn across the school campus, and I mean many, and these are not made available to everyone, especially the students of the school. What is the purpose of putting wireless networks scattered across the school campus but locking it by setting access codes so that the students couldn’t use it? Why not make it available to everyone where everyone can benefit from it because I do not think that the cost would increase by just removing the access codes.

USING HIGH END COMPUTERS

On to my suggestions (by the way I do not have much knowledge about improving internet connectivity, what I will be saying are those that I know of and those that I heard and researched.) My first suggestion would be to use high-end computers which also have high processing speed because sometimes it’s not just because the internet connection is low but the processing is slow. No matter how fast or how large your internet bandwidth is, the performance will still be poor. This solution could help improve the performance of the computers and to fully benefit the internet connection in the university. However, this solution is not practical because purchasing high-end computers would mean spending a lot of money, considering that a computer set costs a lot, this solution is not practical for the university to be implemented because honestly the university lacks the budget to purchase new sets of computers or is saving its budget for a more important cause. I only suggested this solution because it can also be a solution for the improvement of the internet connectivity.

REMOVING THE FILTERS

I have not actually proven that this is true but I want to put it because it does have some point. I have read something in the internet that the filters or the blocking of URL’s or websites can slow or degrade the internet connectivity. You can see it in the site that I included below. The article states that enabling web blocking can degrade internet connectivity up to fifty percent (50%). This has been happening especially in internet cafes because some are mandated to put filters so that the customers or users can not access pornographic sites. However in our case, the university blocks not only pornographic sites but also including web sites like download sites or social networking sites. I know that the purpose of the computer laboratories like the Nodal in the Institute of Computing and the computer laboratory in the university library is dedicated for academic use but we must not forget that the students do pay to be able to use these computers and the internet service. I also think it would be unfair or rather foul because even sites that do not have explicit content are also blocked. If the goal of the university is to prevent students from accessing sites that contain explicit contents the university could very well utilize servers like in internet cafes. I saw this kind of server where the one operating or administering the server can detect if a certain user is accessing web sites which contain explicit content because the programs or web sites being accessed from a certain computer can be seen in the server. The university could use this which will improve the internet connectivity and at the same time prevent students from accessing prohibited web sites by denying them access of the computer if ever a user accesses one. By this the internet bandwidth can be properly utilized and will not be put to waste. This could be a solution to improve internet connectivity in the university without spending a lot of money.

REEVALUATE AND REDO

The third suggestion would be reevaluate all factors concerning “internet connectivity”. There are many factors that affect how fast or how slow an internet connection is. These factors can be the network topology, hardware and software used, threats, etc. Network topology is the physical interconnections of the elements of a computer network. I have first encountered the term network topology during our data communications subject and from it I learned that the topology of a certain computer network could also affect the internet connectivity. Determining the proper topology for a certain computer network could improve and utilize of its element’s capacity. By means of determining the best topology for the computer network of the university it could improve the internet connectivity of the school. Hardware and software are also determining factors that affect internet connectivity. I think the school is currently using UTP and fiber optic cables which I may say are the proper cables to be used because it reduces noise (I also learned this from our data communications subject by the way). On the software side, the university could also use softwares that could speed up internet connectivity like WEBROCKET and SpeedConnect Internet Accelerator which I think was just released in the internet. Using these kinds of softwares offers advantages and disadvantages. These software speeds up your internet connection by maximizing your connection to its maximum potential because it adapts your modem to its maximum potential. However its advantage is that it reduces or rather degrades the quality of the interface which in the case of the students is still a good choice because I think the students would rather prefer good internet connectivity rather than good interface. There are also programs or applications that when used could slow the processing of the computer because it eats up the memory of the computer and when most of the memory is being used the tendency is that when a certain user opens a web browser the processing is slow and so the performance is also slow. Threats, these factors greatly affect computer performance. Threats like viruses, worms and malwares, programs that are written and made to destroy or spread havoc in computers. Since I was in first year college, whenever I use the internet service in the nodal I always encounter viruses and I always get to bring home viruses, worms and malwares whenever I save something in the flash drive. Now I’m in my fourth year in this university although my standing is still three and half years, I still encounter viruses and the like. Well it seems that suppressing the entry of viruses into your computer cannot be helped especially when you have internet connection but as long as it can be controlled it would put your computer to a safer state. In the case of the university where the budget is limited, they could always resort to practical solution to these threats such as maintaining an updated antivirus which could block and destroy virus and the like. This way, the performance of the computers would not be affected and the internet connectivity would be utilized to its utmost potential.

INCREASING BANDWITH

I actually forgot the current bandwidth that the university is currently employing and I would not fully recommend this suggestion but because it can also improve the internet connectivity of the university this suggestion still has a “say”. Increasing bandwidth could really improve the internet connectivity but at the same time it also has a great deal of money. However, if the university manages to increase its bandwidth but is unable to manage to change its computers to a high-speed computer the internet connection would still not be used in its maximum potential. The laboratories in the Institute of Computing has been currently upgraded but still it encounters the same problems as before but at least the processing does not take as long as before.

CHANGING INTERNET PROVIDER

If all else fails I think the last solution would be to change the internet provider. In choosing a good internet provider you would need to consider some things. The first thing you would need to consider is the bandwidth and the cost because the bigger the bandwidth the bigger the price. Bandwidth is the amount of data that downloaded by you using the connection. You would also need to know the appropriate bandwidth needed for your computer network. Second is the download speed, you would also need to consider determining the download speed that you need because the download speed depends on the location of your computer network. Third thing you need to consider is the contracts, you should be aware of it. One thing to look for is the insurance or the money back guarantee because you may want to ask your money back if you are not contented with the internet service. The last thing to consider is the freebies I think this is the most important thing to be considered. Customers must read other customer reviews of the internet provider that you might want. Reading reviews will give you insights about the internet provider and always remember that reading one customer review will not be enough.


Reference:

Web Blocking/Filtering

Major Paper Update

READY TO BIND! After months of visiting our adopted company and constantly communicating with our interviewee in The Paper Tree we were able to finish our major paper. Our major paper, together with Franz and Roy, is undoubtedly ready for binding although it still needs some revisions. We still need to add up the matrix of costs for our recommendations for the information system in our adopted company. Thank you very much to my group mates, to our interviewee, Sir Arvin Meralpis and to our facilitator in MIS1, Sir Randy S. Gamboa. This is the first time I have posted something about our major paper, I wanted to post the other updates that we have made before we had our major paper checked but I was not able to. Like I said, I was disconnected or rather I just didn't have time to log-in. Although the major paper is finished I still need to finish all of my assignments for the forum or else all of my efforts will put to waste. hehe. Good day!

Disconnected

Whew sorry for not being able to post new entries for the MIS subject I was out for many reasons. I know I'm wrong, I'm sorry though. I would also like to say sorry to our instructor in MIS subject, Sir Randy. New posts for the assignments are on its way to be posted this week. Good day!

Assignment 7: ICT Related Ares In PGMA's SONA 2009

I did not actually saw or heard President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo’s State of the Nation Address last July 27, 2009 so I downloaded the full text of the SONA in the internet. When I read the text I found some areas related to ICT. There were many parts of the President’s SONA that were somehow related to ICT. However, these were the ones that caught me: The Creation of Department of ICT, Telecommunications issues, Best Fit Educational System, Technologies to Anticipate Natural Calamities, and the Fully Automated Elections.

Creation of ICT Department

This one caught me because I have been wondering if our country has a department which focuses on the issues related to Information Technology and the like. I remember reading “Let us have a Department of ICT” in the text of the Presidents SONA, it really caught my eye and made me read the full text. Part of this area was the BPO or the Business Process Outsourcing which enables our people to acquire work here in the Philippines and in abroad. BPO is a form of outsourcing that involves contracting of operations and responsibilities to a third party service provider. We cannot deny that our country, as I may say, has been left behind in terms of technological advancements (I don’t mean to demean my own country) but it’s what I have noticed. Compared to other countries that are in the first world, we should not be contented to be in this state, we should push through advancements to be in league with the first world countries. Our people are competent but I think we cannot acquire our edge without the aid of technology. I’m glad that our country is embracing technology and that we do not limit ourselves with what we have now. I know that some people are still resilient in resisting technology and honestly I don’t see the real reason why. I can just think of one thing, some people are just afraid to embrace technology because they don’t know how it’s done and how to use it and with an ICT department we can remedy it.

Telecommunications

Under this area was the issue of the telecommunications, especially the expiry of loads and the controversial loss of load even the expiring date has not yet occurred. I think this is related to ICT because of the fact that almost all of the people in the world have a cellular phone and cell phone devices has now become a necessity which was once considered as luxury (I think) we cannot deny that electronic devices such as phones which we use to communicate with whom we want to communicate with are important and essential. If we are in the business, we need these devices to communicate with our business partners or customers. If we are just normal people we need these devices to communicate with our loved ones. Whatever we are, rich or poor, communication devices are pretty much important to us. Now the issue at hand is the loss of load, this issue greatly affects the people, especially the customers of the telecommunications network that use their services. I do not know if the ones responsible for the loss of load are the telecommunications provider, it may be because of those spam messages and promos which we do not need but I have personally experienced losing my load even when I haven’t used all of it and I know that I’m not the only one who has experienced it. I’m also glad that the government has decided to take the matter in their hands and made an appropriate action for it. Now, the expiry dates have been extended but there are still cases of load loss, but I’m still glad the government made and action.


Best Fit Educational System

“Our educational system should make the Filipino fit not just for whatever jobs happen to be in offer today, but also for whatever economic challenge life will throw in their way” this line sure caught me because I want the people in the Philippines to be globally competitive and ready for the upcoming challenges. People should not always stick with traditions and should also consider innovations. In the past years I have heard news that our educational system is degrading and frankly I have witnessed students who are studying in schools but the amount of knowledge that they acquire is infantismal. We should have a best fit educational system for the new era of people to be properly equipped with the proper knowledge to be able to be competitive not only in the Philippines but also in other countries.

Technologies to Anticipate Natural Calamities

The Philippines is one the countries who is frequently visited by typhoons, storms and the like and these natural calamities have brought trouble in country not only in our economy but also in the lives of the Filipino people. It is good to know that our country is doing its best to acquire technologies that can help our lives and in this case, technologies that can help us anticipate incoming calamities and make us ready for it, considering the current state which is climate change. We really need technologies that could help us track typhoons and storms. I hope in the future we will be able to come up with devices that could all kinds of calamites like tsunamis and earthquakes because the people, especially those who live in calamity prone areas, can greatly benefit from these kinds of devices.

Automated Election

Many people fear the idea of automated elections. Just a day ago, I heard news related to this issue which was, the country could face great trouble if the first automated election would go awry. They say if the if the automation goes awry the country would not have a new set of leaders and there will be failure of elections. The companies that are going to administer the automated elections are not new to automated elections because they have already done this before and thus, they have already tested and proven it effective. I understand that the people are afraid of this idea because it is NEW and they fear the possible negative effects. Is it really the people? Or just the people who are in position? I think we should consider the automation to be in the benefit of the people of the Philippines. I think the companies involved in this automation would not decide to push through automated election if they think it is not effective. I mean, they wouldn’t just make a machine that will count all the votes. They must have tested and run simulations with it. These companies are not dumb to be trekking into something that is not fathomable. Automation can greatly ease the work of the people in terms of voting and in terms of counting the votes. Wouldn’t it be a lot easier and quicker if the one who will be counting the votes is a machine? Plus it could lessen the possibility of cheating.

Assignment 5: Barriers In Implementing IS/IT

In every organization, company or business it always aims to grow and improve the operation of their business or trade by means of optimization or requiring the aid of technology like computers. Now, in every innovation or improvement there is always what we call “barriers”. Barriers by definition is something that obstructs or separates, in the business or rather corporate world, barriers are the hindrance to their business growth.

I did not actually go to my adopted company, Concentrix, and interviewed them about the barriers that they went through in implementing their information systems and the barriers that they are currently going through. I recalled what I posted about the risks associated with business and IS/IT change and started thinking about the barriers. If I was the one to say about barriers in a company I think it would be the money or budget, the people in the business (the personnel and staff), the processes and the management, and awareness.

When it comes to business innovation or improvement the issue of money or budget will always come to play. It is one of the very important factors to settle with. Take the example of our school, the University of Southeastern Philippines, it is evident that the school lacks the budget to fund the improvement on the infrastructure, technology, etc. because every transaction involves money. Also, in a company, when someone proposes to implement something that could improve their operations like an information system, it would be hard to implement something like that if the company or organization lacks the budget to fund it and because it would surely cost a lot of money to be able to implement it.

There are many factors that should be taken into account when it comes to implementing and innovation in a company. For instance, the creation of the system, if they want to tap in-house personnel to make their system, or turning to outsource if they want to purchase a system that is already running and tested (creation means money). Not only that, they would need to consider the installation, maintenance, repair, training of staff and simulation to check for anomalies and these factors really involves a lot of money to be able to come up with a system. Looking at my adopted company which is Concentrix, I think that they are stable enough to be able to implement there IS/IT because they have been in the business for a long time and considering that they do have networks and other companies that are linked into their company, Synnex for instance.

When it comes to implementing IS/IT, the people who are going to use it are the personnel and staff of the company or organization. To make them knowledgeable and accustomed to the system they need to be trained. Now the one of the barriers in the implementation of the IS/IT are the inept skills or inexperienced personnel and staff of the company, maybe because they lack the training and seminars. Training and seminars are needed to keep the knowledge of the staff updated. We all know that technology advances are so fast that we need to keep ourselves updated in order not to be left behind.

Inexperienced personnel and staff usually are not acquainted to the existing softwares and development process and sometimes they do not understand it at all. They should be made aware or given the necessary skill and given a thorough understanding of the process to be able to perform well because personnel and staff are the workforce of the company thus, they are the ones who are always working with the system.
Without these trainings and seminars the successful implementation of the new system could not be achieved because of the inexperienced staff of the company which becomes one of the barriers in the implementation process.

Trainings and seminars should be given importance and should be made part of the policy whenever there are new employees to be hired or there are seminars and trainings regarding new innovations. In my adopted company, Concentrix, they regularly train their staff and it is part of their hiring process to give trainings before they hire employees. They make sure that they have experienced personnel and staffs to make sure that their business are run by capable and not inept staff. Concentrix is known to give their customers the best customer support which also suggests that they do have experienced staff to do their business.

Another barrier or hindrance in the implementation is lack of awareness of the management about IS/IT programs. How could the management think or provide the best solution to the needs of the company if they do not know anything about IS/IT? It would surely give a feeling like you’re company are being managed by unaware people or people who has not yet encountered new technology.

There should be a need to make the people, especially the management to be aware of the IS/IT programs in order to fully understand IS/IT and to be able to provide the best fit solutions to the needs and problems that the company are facing. IS/IT implementation is the process of adopting new organizational practices to address the problems of the company and the fact that IS/IT is an expensive and long term approach in addressing problem in the company and it usually takes a long time to realize the benefits of it.

It would not be healthy to the company if the management is not aware of IS/IT because of the fact that the management are the ones who are in charge of giving the decisions or final verdicts regarding implementations. Another barrier that could be identified if the management is not aware of IS/IT is the lack of support of the management in the implementation of IS/IT. Because they are not aware of IS/IT, the effect is that the management would most likely undermine or neglect initiatives or proposals regarding IS/IT. They would rather think that it is expensive and would give that proposal a low priority and eventually replace that proposal with something that is not even good enough rather than looking at the other side of things which is the benefit or benefits of IS/IT. Come to think of it, if you are going to propose for an innovation and you know that the management in your company is not aware of IS/IT, there would be an infantismal chance that your proposal would be approved.

Unaware management would most likely resist change in an organization, especially in the field of technology (we tackled about this ‘resistance’ during one of our sharing in the subject) because they think that they are already not capable of learning and that they are accustomed to their traditional ways. Resistance can be considered as a barrier in the implementation of IS/IT. Not to be offensive but most people in the management that most likely resist technology are those management composed of old people, but take note that not all old people are like this, just most old people (I’m not being rude). People who resist change feel threatened about change because they feel that they are considered obsolete and they would be replaced by machines, they do not know that change in technology or adopting the aid of machines does not mean neglecting the capabilities of a human being.

Another issue linking to the issue of resistance which could also be considered as a barrier in the implementation of IS/IT is the divisions in the company. Divisions, meaning organizations, groups, peers, people with the same insights, etc. it does not simply imply divisions like accounting division, etc. Groups are usually composed of people having the same values, goals, insights and interests. Some people call it unions in a company. When there are divisions and eventually there are conflicts between these divisions, the effect would be that these divisions would most likely resist each other’s proposal to change because their ideas contradict each other. It is just like the saying “What is moral to you may not be moral to me” the ideas and goals of the other group may not fit into the ideas and goals of the other groups, this issue can be labeled, in my opinion, organizational politics.

In my adopted company I do not know if there are divisions or unions in their company but I think that their management is fully aware about IS/IT because their business is made up of it. I certainly would not think that their management is not aware and does not understand IS/IT to be thinking that their company is one of the top call centers and customer support company.

Lack of time, this is also example of a barrier in the implementation of IS/IT. Lack of time or in other words, time pressure, is the process of meeting projects, demands on time and getting something that would not exceed the allotted budget. If a company does not consider financing as a problem then they certainly would have encountered time problems. There are projects that do not meet the given deadline for it because of unforeseen circumstances or for instance, other barriers. Happenings do not always come as how you planned it, there will always be anomalies. That is why a company must have a good plan as to the pre implementation process because it is a vital part of the implementation process. There should be ample time for the staff to work on a project, time which is workable and that is humanly possible and that before establishing time frames it should be agreed by the management and the people working on the project. Another way of avoiding time pressures is providing correct and optimized procedures so that the one working on the project will have a basis or a guide on finishing the project.

There many factors in the business that can be considered as barriers which I am not yet aware of. Maybe attitudes of the personnel and staff can also be taken into account. I would update this post if I would find something that can be added to this.